Menstruation changes

Unexpected vaginal bleeding and COVID-19 vaccination in nonmenstruating women Altered bleeding pattern after COVID-19 vaccination has been frequently addressed among menstruating women Menstrual abnormalities after COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review A total of 78, 138 vaccinated women (14 studies). 39, 759 (%) had some form of a menstrual problem after vaccination. 22nd September 2023 The Norwegian Institute of Public Health Association between COVID-19 vaccination and vaginal bleeding, among nonmenstruating women is not well studied. Menorrhagia, increased bleeding during period Metrorrhagia, Irregular bleeds / between menstrual periods. Polymenorrhea, less than 21 day cycles, therefore more frequent periods Several cohorts followed throughout the pandemic Systematic data collection of self-reporting. Percentages of unexpected vaginal bleeding (During a period of 8 to 9 months) 50% happened within 28 days of vaccination. 7,725 postmenopausal women, 3.3% 7,148 perimenopausal women, 14.1% 7,052 premenopausal women, 13.1% In postmenopausal women The risk of unexpected vaginal bleeding, in the 4 weeks after vaccination, was increased two to threefold, compared to a prevaccination period. 11.1% and 37.5% experienced menstrual symptoms In nonmenstruating perimenopausal and premenopausal women Risk of unexpected (breakthrough) vaginal bleeding after vaccination Increased three to fivefold In premenopausal women Spikevax was associated with at 32% increased risk as compared to Comirnaty. More detail Reports since December 2020, menstrual disturbances at frequencies not seen in previous vaccination campaigns Such events were not addressed in the preceding clinical vaccine trials European Medicines Agency Recently updated product information of the mRNA vaccines, to include heavy menstrual bleeding as a potential side effect. PMB can be a symptom of endometrial carcinoma and precancerous lesions Women with PMB should be referred for specialized gynecological examination