Porridge rolling down the stairs

The Tories were a political faction and then a political party in the parliaments of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Between the 1670s and 1830s, the Tories contested power with their rivals, the Whigs. In 1678, the first Tories emerged in England as Jacobites, when they opposed the Whig-supported Exclusion Bill which set out to disinherit the heir presumptive James, Duke of York, who eventually became James II of England and VII of Scotland. During the Second Jacobite Revolution, involving James III (The Pretender), the Tories secretly worked with the Swedes and French in planning a revolution and coup funded by the French and carried out by the Swedes, modeled on William of Orange’s invasion, with 12,000 Cavalry troops delivered by ship, according to Voltaire in his History of Charles XII. However, Casper Von Bothmer intercepted a letter from Baron Von Gortz, which revealed the plan (which had the support of the Tories and, though they denied it, six of the leadi